Breakbeat Archaeology Washington D.C., 1969

The Amen Break

G.C. Coleman played a 4-bar drum solo in 1969. He died homeless and penniless, despite playing the most sampled 6 seconds in the history of music.

Waxlore Collective
SAMPLING DIVISION
Sampling Culture
CATEGORY

In 1969, an R&B group called The Winstons recorded a B-side track in a studio in Atlanta. The song was called "Amen, Brother." It was a fast-paced instrumental version of "Amen." In the middle of the song, the band stops, and the drummer, Gregory C. Coleman, plays a four-bar solo.

The Six Seconds

The solo lasts exactly six seconds. It is funky, syncopated, and tight. And for nearly 20 years, it sat on a forgotten 7-inch record.

Then came the samplers. In the 1980s, hip hop producers began digging for drum breaks. They found "Amen, Brother." They slowed it down for N.W.A's "Straight Outta Compton." It was just another break.

The Mutation

But in the UK in the early 90s, something else happened. Producers in the emerging "hardcore" rave scene didn't slow it down. They sped it up. They chopped it. They rearranged the snare hits. They reversed it.

The "Amen Break" became the DNA of entire genres: Jungle, Drum & Bass, and Breakcore. It is arguably the most important six seconds of recorded audio in the last century.

The Tragedy

Neither G.C. Coleman nor Richard L. Spencer (the copyright holder) received royalties for these thousands of uses. Coleman, the man whose rhythm has made millions of people dance for decades, died homeless and destitute in Atlanta in 2006.

Connect the Signal

The journey of the Amen Break is mapped out in Route 06: The Breakbeat Science.

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